Jim Marshall (Georgia politician)

Jim Marshall
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 8th district
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011
Preceded by Lynn Westmoreland
Succeeded by Austin Scott
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 3rd district
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
Preceded by Mac Collins
Succeeded by Lynn Westmoreland
Mayor of Macon
In office
1995–1999
Preceded by Tommy Olmstead
Succeeded by Jack Ellis
Personal details
Born March 31, 1948 (1948-03-31) (age 63)
Ithaca, New York
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s) Camille Hope
Children Mary Marshall
Robert Marshall
Residence Macon, Georgia
Alma mater Princeton University, Boston University
Occupation attorney
Religion Roman Catholic
Military service
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service 1968-1970
Unit Rangers
Battles/wars Vietnam War
Awards Bronze Star (2)
Purple Heart

James Creel "Jim" Marshall (born March 31, 1948) is the former U.S. Representative for Georgia's 8th congressional district, serving from 2003 until 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district, numbered as the 3rd District from 2003 to 2007, is based in Macon and includes much of rural Middle Georgia.

Contents

Early life, education, and early career

The son and grandson of army generals, Marshall was born in Ithaca, New York, but moved frequently during his childhood and graduated from high school in Mobile, Alabama. He entered Princeton University in 1966, but left college in 1968 to enlist in the United States Army. He served in Vietnam as an Airborne Ranger reconnaissance platoon sergeant and earned two Bronze Stars (with "V" devices for valor) and a Purple Heart. On June 29, 2006, Marshall was inducted into the U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame. He returned to Princeton in 1970 and graduated in 1972. Marshall worked various jobs for two years before entering law school at Boston University, where he earned his J.D. in 1977.

After clerking for two federal district court judges, Marshall was appointed a professor at Mercer University's Walter F. George School of Law in Macon, teaching in the areas of property, commercial, insurance, creditor's rights, insolvency, reorganization, and small business law. He was minority recruiter and advisor to the Black Law Student Association at Mercer. From 1987 to 1995, he not only taught at Mercer but also developed a commercial litigation and business insolvency consulting practice, and became involved in civic affairs. Among other things, he served as president of Leadership Macon and the Macon Bar Association. He was also chairman of the Macon Housing Authority. It was during this period that Marshall first became active in politics. He co-chaired the 1990 gubernatorial campaign of former former U.S. Congressman, former U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., and current Atlanta Mayor Andrew Young. Young was defeated in a primary run-off against Zell Miller. Marshall also chaired the successful state senate campaign of Robert Brown, the first African American since reconstruction to be elected to that body from outside the Atlanta metro area.

Mayor of Macon

From 1995 to 1999, Marshall served as mayor of Macon. During his tenure, the City of Macon increased its reserves, decreased its debt, lowered its property taxes and acquired a new public safety communications system. Marshall received national news attention for running down (on foot) a felon and encouraging Macon citizens to voluntarily house thousands of refugees from Hurricane Hugo. He was elected to the Advisory Board of the U.S. Conference of Mayors and co-chaired the National Democratic Mayors Conference.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2000

Marshall first ran for Congress in 2000 as the Democratic candidate for the 8th District. He was defeated by incumbent then-U.S. Representative (and now U.S. Senator) Saxby Chambliss, 59% to 41%. Notably, during his years in Congress, Marshall formed a close working relationship with Chambliss.[1]

2002

After the 2000 Census, the state legislature carved away much of the heavily Republican southern portion of the old 8th, including Chambliss' home in Moultrie. They replaced it with some more rural, Democratic-leaning territory around Macon and renumbered it the 3rd District. Marshall defeated Republican Bibb County Commissioner Calder Clay in a race that was far closer than expected. Marshall was hampered by voter anger over Warner Robins being cut out of the district. The reconfigured 3rd included all of Houston County except for a long gash where Warner Robins had been drawn into the 1st District. Marshall also had to contend with the presence of Sonny Perdue (a Houston County resident) and Chambliss atop the ballot.

Marshall defeated Clay 51%-49%.[2] Marshall thus became the only white Democrat in Georgia's House delegation, and the first since Nathan Deal switched parties in 1995.

2004

Marshall defeated Clay in their 2004 rematch, winning 63% of the vote, even as George W. Bush won the district with 70% of the vote.

2006

Early in 2005, the Georgia state legislature, now controlled by Republicans, approved a new map of congressional districts. The Macon-based district was significantly redrawn and renumbered once again as the 8th. The reconfigured 8th was considerably more Republican than its predecessor, even though it included 60% of Marshall's former territory as well as all of Macon. The new district closely resembled the area Chambliss represented for eight years. Had the district existed in 2004,President Bush would have carried it with 61% of the vote.

Marshall's Republican opponent was former U.S. Congressman Mac Collins. Collins had represented a district in the southern Atlanta suburbs during his first stint in Congress, but moved back to his native Butts County after it was drawn into the reconfigured 8th.[3] Collins benefited from two visits by President Bush, massive amounts of national party and PAC funding and Perdue's presence atop the ticket.

Marshall defeated Collins 51%-49%.[4] It was the second-closest any Democratic incumbent came to losing his seat to a Republican in the 2006 elections. The closest election that year was Georgia Democrat U.S. Congressman John Barrow. As a result, the 8th became one of the most Republican districts in the nation to be represented by a Democrat.

2008

In 2008, Marshall faced Rick Goddard, who was a retired Air Force major general and the former commander of Warner Robins Air Logistics Center. This race was initially viewed as one of the few where a Republican had a realistic chance of defeating a Democrat. However, Marshall won with 57% of the vote, the same winning percentage that the district gave Republican Presidential nominee John McCain.[5]

2010

In a landslide year for Republicans, Marshall was defeated 53%-47% by Republican State Representative Austin Scott.[6][7][8]

Tenure

Marshall was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition, a group of conservative congressional Democrats.[9] The National Journal analyzed his voting record as right-of-center, leaning a bit toward the Republican side.[10][11] On social issues, Marshall generally voted in line with the conservative bent of his very rural Southern district.

On economic issues, Marshall compiled a pro-business record. He was a prominent supporter of the TARP bailout legislation, declaring that he would give up his seat by voting for the bill, which he believed to be essential to avoid a second Great Depression. This issue became a centerpiece of both Marshall's successful 2008 re-election and his unsuccessful 2010 campaign.[12][13][14] As a senior Democrat on the Agriculture subcommitte regulating futures and derivatives, Marshall was a moderating voice in the regulation of derivatives during the formulation of the Dodd-Frank financial reform legislation.[15] Marshall was a consistent supporter of the Balanced Budget Amendment to the Constitution, and in 2010 he founded the Balanced Budget Amendment Caucus.[16]

Due to his military background, Marshall became a prominent voice on defense matters early in his first term when he won partial repeal of "the Disabled Veterans Tax" (also known as "concurrent receipt"). Marshall's one-man campaign brought disabled veterans their first victory on the issue in 19 years, leading the Retired Enlisted Association's TREA affiliate to name him legislator of the year for 2003.[17] In December 2005, Marshall was the sole Democrat to vote against HR 2863. This defense appropriations bill, which passed 308-122 with 107 Republicans in support, included language supporting increased protections for detainees held in U.S. custody.[18] In February 2007, along with Gene Taylor from Mississippi, he was one of two Democrats to vote against H CON RES 63, which expressed opposition to a troop surge in the Iraq War.[19]

Along with 38 other Democrats, Marshall voted against the Affordable Health Care for America Act.[20]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Post-Congressional career

Marshall is a visiting Professor at Princeton University, where he has been teaching since the spring of 2011.[21] In February, 2011, he joined the Board of the National Futures Association.

Personal life

Marshall lives in Macon with his wife Camille Hope, the daughter of National Hurricane Center meteorologist John Hope, and for whom Hurricane Camille was named. They have two children, Mary and Robert, both of whom attended his alma mater, Princeton University. His great-great-great-grandfather is former U.S. Congressman and famed inventor Hezekiah Bradley Smith.[22][23]

References

  1. ^ "After Novermber Defeat, Marshall Ready to Move On". Macon Telegraph. 20 December 2010. http://www.macon.com/2010/12/20/1383957/after-november-defeat-marshall.html. 
  2. ^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=941
  3. ^ http://www.cqpolitics.com/2006/07/ga_8_new_boundaries_likely_to.html
  4. ^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=206833
  5. ^ Georgia: Election Results 2008 The New York Times, December 9, 2008
  6. ^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=488693
  7. ^ Georgia Secretary of State, Candidates on the November 2, 2010 General Election Ballot
  8. ^ Georgia General Assembly, Representative Austin Scott.
  9. ^ "Blue Dog Coalition". http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition. 
  10. ^ "National Journal Almanac". http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/2010/person/jim-marshall-ga/. 
  11. ^ "2010 Vote Rankings: The Centrists". National Journal. 24 February 2011. http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/house-and-senate-centrists-20110224. 
  12. ^ "The NRCC's Misleading Attacks on Jim Marshall and TARP". Political Correction. 14 October 2010. http://politicalcorrection.org/adcheck/201010140003. 
  13. ^ "Views of Marshall, Scott Close on Major Issues". Macon Telegraph. 26 September 2010. http://www.macon.com/2010/09/26/1278366/views-on-major-issues-close.html. 
  14. ^ "After Novermber Defeat, Marshall Ready to Move On". Macon Telegraph. 20 December 2010. http://www.macon.com/2010/12/20/1383957/after-november-defeat-marshall.html. 
  15. ^ "House Ag hearing airs disagreements over CFTC setting position limits". Agri-Pulse. 15 December 2009. http://www.agri-pulse.com/House_CFTC_Position_Limits_Hearing_20101215H.asp. 
  16. ^ "New Caucus to Push for Balanced Budget Amendment". 11 March 2010. http://coffman.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=255&Itemid=10. 
  17. ^ "National Journal Almanac". http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/2010/person/jim-marshall-ga/. 
  18. ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll630.xml#N
  19. ^ "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 99". Clerk.house.gov. http://clerk.house.gov/cgi-bin/vote.asp?year=2007&rollnumber=99. Retrieved 2010-07-12. 
  20. ^ http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2001/roll398.xml
  21. ^ http://wws.princeton.edu/people/display_person.xml?netid=jcm2&all=yes
  22. ^ "Ancestors of Rep. Jim Marshall". Rootsweb. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/reps/marshall.htm. 
  23. ^ "Mercer University Faculty". Books LLC. 2010. http://books.google.com/books/about/Mercer_University_Faculty.html?id=Ti_abwAACAAJ. 

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Tommy Olmstead
Mayor of Macon
1995-1999
Succeeded by
C. Jack Ellis
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Mac Collins
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 3rd congressional district

2003-2007
Succeeded by
Lynn Westmoreland
Preceded by
Lynn Westmoreland
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia's 8th congressional district

2007-2011
Succeeded by
Austin Scott